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基于龙芯2K1000的Loongnix系统实时性优化方法研究
2022年电子技术应用第6期
俞冠中,韦 雄,田青旺,史旭明
国核自仪系统工程有限公司,上海200241
摘要: 在高可靠性要求的工业自动化应用中,Loongnix系统作为一种分时操作系统,其实时性不能满足可靠性要求,需要使用实时操作系统。在分析研究Loongnix的Linux内核实时性缺陷和RT-Preempt实时性优化方法的基础上,提出一种基于RT-Preempt-Linux实时内核替换Loongnix系统原生Linux内核的方法,实现Loongnix实时性优化和实时化改造,用自设计测试软件和专用实时性工具Cyclictest对改造后的Loongnix系统进行验证测试。测试结果表明改造后的Loongnix系统的实时性能获得大幅提升,进程切换时间、线程切换时间以及任务延时都能达到微秒级,满足工业自动化应用的可靠性要求。
中图分类号: TP311;TP316.2
文献标识码: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.212461
中文引用格式: 俞冠中,韦雄,田青旺,等. 基于龙芯2K1000的Loongnix系统实时性优化方法研究[J].电子技术应用,2022,48(6):98-102,111.
英文引用格式: Yu Guanzhong,Wei Xiong,Tian Qingwang,et al. Research on method of real-time performance optimization of Loongnix operation system based on Loongson 2K1000[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(6):98-102,111.
Research on method of real-time performance optimization of Loongnix operation system based on Loongson 2K1000
Yu Guanzhong,Wei Xiong,Tian Qingwang,Shi Xuming
State Nuclear Power Automation System Engineering Corp,Shanghai 200241,China
Abstract: Because LoongnixOS is the time-sharing operating system, it cannot meet the requirement of high reliability in industrial automation application which requires to use real-time operating system(RTOS). On the basis of analysis of and study on defects of real-time performance in Linux kernel of LoongnixOS and the method to optimize real-time performance in RT-Preemption patch, the method of real-time transformation of LoongnixOS and optimizing real-time performance of LoongnixOS is put forward, in which a RT-Preempt-Linux kernel is a substitute for original Linux kernel of LoongnixOS. Self-developing real-time performance softwares and Cyclictest are utilized to verify the method. Results of test show that the method can be effective in improvement of real-time performance of LoongnixOS. Real-time performance, including process-switching time, thread-switching time and task-switching delay, of the LoongnixOS transferred to RTOS achieves the grade of microsecond.
Key words : Loongson;Loongnix;Linux;RT-Preempt;real-time opration

0 引言

    龙芯2K1000处理器[1-2]是一款面向工业自动化与工业控制应用场景的高性能低功耗通用处理器,基于MIPS64架构,采用40 nm制造工艺[3],主频最高1 GHz,功耗小于5 W,支持64位DDR2/3-1066内存,提供SPI、UART、I2S、I2C、USB2.0等通用外设接口。

    目前市场上,龙芯2K1000板卡一般预装Loongnix操作系统。Loongnix操作系统是一种基于Linux内核的图形化界面操作系统。和Linux系统一样,Loongnix系统也是分时系统[4],不能满足对实时性要求较高的工业自动化场景(如电站控制[5-6])的要求。因此,需要针对Linux内核影响实时性能的因素进行实时性改造和优化。




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作者信息:

俞冠中,韦  雄,田青旺,史旭明

(国核自仪系统工程有限公司,上海200241)




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