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航天员生理遥测数据处理算法的研究与应用
2023年电子技术应用第1期
杜超,周淦,刘贵聪,焦翔,聂殿辉
华北计算机系统工程研究所,北京 100083
摘要: 在载人航天飞行试验任务中,地面指挥人员和医学专家需及时掌握航天员在舱内的生理状况以保障航天员的安全。航天员的心率和呼吸率是评估航天员健康状态的重要生理指标。如何快速、准确地计算航天员心率和呼吸率是工程任务面临的技术难题之一。综合考虑国产自主安全软硬件条件下的计算能力,提出了基于自学习阈值的心率计算R波检测算法,以及呼吸率计算的零点检测算法,设计了一套心率和呼吸率可视化显示软件,提高了航天员生理数据处理的实时性和准确率,能够为指挥人员和专家提供直观可靠的决策依据。数据计算分析说明,所采用算法具备较高的准确率和较低的计算需求,能够满足待发段、上升段对航天员实施医学保障与医学监督的需要。
中图分类号:TP319
文献标志码:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.222625
中文引用格式: 杜超,周淦,刘贵聪,等. 航天员生理遥测数据处理算法的研究与应用[J]. 电子技术应用,2023,49(1):102-106.
英文引用格式: Du Chao,Zhou Gan,Liu Guicong,et al. Research and application of astronauts′ physiological telemetry data processing algorithm[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(1):102-106.
Research and application of astronauts′ physiological telemetry data processing algorithm
Du Chao,Zhou Gan,Liu Guicong,Jiao Xiang,Nie Dianhui
National Computer System Engineering Research Institute of China, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract: In the manned space flight mission, the ground commanders and medical experts shall timely grasp the physiological conditions of astronauts in the cabin to ensure the safety of them. The heart rate and respiratory rate of astronauts are important physiological indexes to evaluate the health status of astronauts. How to calculate the heart rate and respiratory rate of astronauts quickly and accurately is one of the difficult problems faced by engineering tasks. Comprehensively considering the computing power under the condition of domestic autonomous controllable software and hardware, this paper presents a heart rate calculation R-wave detection algorithm based on self-learning threshold, and the zero-detection algorithm of respiratory rate calculation, and also designs a set of visual display software of heart rate and respiratory rate. It improves the real-time and accuracy of astronauts′ physiological data processing, and provides intuitive and reliable decision-making basis for the commanders and experts. The calculation and analysis of data shows that the algorithm has high accuracy and low computational requirements. It can meet the needs of medical support and medical supervision for astronauts in the waiting and ascending stages.
Key words : manned spaceflight;physiological telemetry;heart rate;respiratory rate

0 引言

    我国载人航天事业飞速发展,自载人航天工程第五艘飞船神舟五号成功将首位航天员送入太空以来,截至2022年1月已有13位中国航天员先后乘坐神舟系列飞船进入太空。

    在载人航天飞行试验任务的执行过程中,地面指挥人员和专家根据航天员相关生理参数,准确指导并协助航天员及时控制航天员系统状态,是确保航天员生命安全与任务成败的关键环节。

    在飞船发射待发段和上升段,航天员的心电、呼吸等参数通过遥测通道实时下传地面指挥系统,地面系统通过建立数据模型等方法处理航天员生理参数,以实时准确地获得航天员的身体状况,从而确保航天员的生命安全。因此,建立满足实时性和精度要求的航天员生理遥测数据处理算法,是载人航天工程必须解决的技术难题。处理航天员心率和呼吸数据,实时获得航天员心电波形和呼吸波形,就是典型代表。




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作者信息:

杜超,周淦,刘贵聪,焦翔,聂殿辉

(华北计算机系统工程研究所,北京 100083)

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