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升压式全桥LLC谐振变换器效率研究方法
电子技术应用
刘飞,王彬磊,原大康,杜建华,王立伟
北京控制工程研究所
摘要: 航天电推进电源对高效性、可靠性要求严苛,升压式全桥 LLC 谐振变换器因高效率、拓扑简洁、高可靠性,成为该领域主流方案。满足预设增益下,通过参数优化进一步提升能量转换效率,是工程设计阶段需解决的核心问题之一。围绕变换器效率优化,开展全流程研究:推导确定增益下实现软开关的临界 mQ 曲线方程,建立各环节损耗数学模型;经 PSpice 仿真验证模型正确性并优化参数;基于优化参数搭建工程样机,实测与仿真、计算结果偏差≤1.5%,证实模型准确性。所提损耗优化方法,为该变换器工程设计提供理论与验证支撑,助力提升航天电推进电源性能。
中图分类号:TM56 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.257623
中文引用格式: 刘飞,王彬磊,原大康,等. 升压式全桥LLC谐振变换器效率研究方法[J]. 电子技术应用,2026,52(5):122-131.
英文引用格式: Liu Fei,Wang Binlei,Yuan Dakang,et al. Efficiency research methodology for a boost full-bridge LLC resonant converter​[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2026,52(5):122-131.
Efficiency research methodology for a boost full-bridge LLC resonant converter​
Liu Fei,Wang Binlei,Yuan Dakang,Du Jianhua,Wang Liwei
Beijing Institute of Control Engineering
Abstract: The aerospace electric propulsion power supply has strict requirements for high efficiency and reliability. The boost full-bridge LLC resonant converter has become the mainstream solution in this field due to its high efficiency, simple topology and high reliability. Under the condition of meeting the preset gain, further improving the energy conversion efficiency through parameter optimization is one of the core issues to be solved in the engineering design stage. Focusing on the efficiency optimization of the converter, this paper conducts a full-process study: deriving the critical mQ curve equation for realizing soft switching under the condition of a determined gain, and establishing mathematical loss models of each link; verifying the correctness of the models and optimizing parameters through PSpice simulation; building an engineering prototype based on the optimized parameters. The deviation between the measured results, simulation results, and calculation results is ≤ 5%, which confirms the accuracy of the models. The loss optimization method formed in this paper provides theoretical and verification support for the engineering design of this type of converter, and helps to improve the performance of the aerospace electric propulsion power supply.
Key words : LLC resonant converter;efficiency;boost;MATLAB;PSpice

引言

在航天大功率电源领域,设备需长期适应在轨复杂工况(如宽温域、强辐射、低维护需求),全桥拓扑因功率密度高、带载能力强、长期运行稳定性优的核心优势,成为当前主流拓扑结构[1-4],其应用场景覆盖电推进系统、星载能源管理等关键环节。

对于航天大功率电源而言,能量转换效率直接影响航天器在轨能源利用率与任务续航能力,因此效率提升一直是核心研究方向。目前已有多种软开关技术(如移相全桥软开关、有限双极性软开关)与全桥变换器融合应用,但在航天场景下仍存在明显局限:副边二极管反向恢复电压尖峰易引发器件应力超标,增加在轨故障风险;变换器环路环流过大导致额外能耗,降低能源利用效率;软开关实现范围窄,难以适配航天任务中负载的动态波动;控制逻辑复杂则会降低系统长寿命运行的可靠性[5]。

升压式LLC 谐振软开关技术可有效解决上述问题,其优势与航天电源需求高度契合[6]:通过实现所有开关管的零电压导通(ZVS)与副边二极管的零电流开关(ZCS),从根源消除反向恢复问题,降低器件应力与故障概率;开关关断时电流幅值小,大幅减小环流损耗,提升航天电源的能源利用效率;同时具备拓扑简洁、控制逻辑清晰的特点,符合航天设备 “高可靠、低复杂度” 的设计原则[7]。相较于传统软开关技术,该技术在航天场景下的效率优势、可靠性优势更为显著。

当前,升压式LLC 谐振变换器虽已展现出适配航天大功率电源的潜力,但其参数优化仍是效率进一步提升的关键。为此,本文针对航天大功率电源应用场景,开展升压式LLC谐振变换器效率优化研究:基于MATLAB建立面向航天工况的数学模型,推导效率与关键参数的量化关系;通过PSpice搭建仿真模型进行设计验证,最终形成可直接指导航天工程实践的参数优化方案,为航天大功率电源的高效、可靠设计提供技术支撑。


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作者信息:

刘飞,王彬磊,原大康,杜建华,王立伟

(北京控制工程研究所,北京 100190)

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