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风洞自由飞多路数据采集与传输系统设计
电子技术应用
赵梓懿,伍春,明宏柯
(西南科技大学,四川 绵阳 621000)
摘要: 传统风洞自由飞实验通过缩比模型来研究气动参数,随着采集器种类与数量的增加,机载设备结构设计与数据传输控制难度日趋增大。针对这一现状,设计一套基于FPGA逻辑控制与时序驱动的多路数据采集与传输系统。系统采用机载端、地面端、上位机端三端结构,分工明确。机载端采用小型化双层结构化设计来采集舵机角度信号、风向标志信号、IMU惯性测量单元信号、航空姿态信号,地面端负责数据的整合与分发,上位机端进行数据监视与系统控制。经过测试,该系统采集精度达±0.07%FS,数据传输时延低于2.42 ms,符合预期目标。
中图分类号:V211.74+9;TH6
文献标志码:A
DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.223347
中文引用格式: 赵梓懿,伍春,明宏柯. 风洞自由飞多路数据采集与传输系统设计[J]. 电子技术应用,2023,49(6):104-108.
英文引用格式: Zhao Ziyi,Wu Chun,Ming Hongke. Design of aircraft multiplexed data acquisition and transmission system in the wind tunnel[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2023,49(6):104-108.
Design of aircraft multiplexed data acquisition and transmission system in the wind tunnel
Zhao Ziyi,Wu Chun,Ming Hongke
(Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, China)
Abstract: Traditional experiments of free-flight in the wind tunnel use scale models to study aerodynamic parameters, with the increase in the type and number of collectors, the design of airborne equipment structure and control of data transmission are becoming more and more difficult. Aiming at this current status, a multi-channel data acquisition and transmission system based on FPGA logic control and timing drive is designed. The system adopts the three-terminal structure of airborne terminal, ground terminal and upper machine terminal, and the division of labor is clear. The airborne terminal adopts a miniaturized two-layer structured design to acquire the angle signal, wind direction sign signal, Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) signal, aviation attitude signal, the ground terminal is responsible for the integration and distribution of data, and the upper computer terminal performs data monitoring and system control. After testing, the acquisition resolution of the system is ±0.07%FS(Full Scale) and a data transmission cycle is less than 2.42 ms, which is in line with the expected target.
Key words : free-flight;data acquisition;miniaturization;FPGA

0 引言

风洞自由飞实验的本质是在风洞环境下模拟真实飞行器的飞行,利用风洞流场稳定、试验系统安全可靠等特点,获取高质量实验数据。当前,自由飞数据采集常采用商业级产品,例如:曾星等人采用MXl601B-R数据采集设备结合以太网通信应用于风洞试验测控环境中;倪育德等人基于X ⁃Plane飞行软件与Python开发设计一套自由飞数据采集系统,着重对飞行偏移数据进行采集。商业级采集器虽较为成熟,但较难从体积布局、信号传输控制诸多方面实现多种类自由飞信号的采集与传输。

本文研究设计一套适合监测与控制自由飞运动的多路数据采集与实时传输系统。电路结构设计与芯片选型满足小型化需求。控制器对实时性和同步性要求较高,因而选择FPGA作为主控制器。舵机角度与风向标志数据采集选用18位逐次逼近型A/D芯片LTC2358ILX。各端间以太网通信采用嵌入式W5500芯片,通过高速标准4线SPI接口与各端进行通信。



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作者信息:

赵梓懿,伍春,明宏柯

(西南科技大学,四川 绵阳 621000)


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