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基于最小割划分的数模混合仿真系统通信性能优化方法
2022年电子技术应用第1期
李亿渊1,穆 清2,薛 巍1
1.清华大学 计算机科学与技术系,北京100084;2.中国电力科学研究院,北京100192
摘要: 数模混合仿真是理解真实电网运行情况,支撑电网安全保障的重要手段。复杂的电网拓扑与硬实时的仿真需求对其计算性能提出了很高的要求。目前数模混合仿真多采用并行计算技术提高计算性能。随着处理器和集群技术的发展,异构集群系统逐渐成为高性能计算系统的主要构建方式。针对多层次的系统架构,已有的电网划分方式无法充分利用集群计算能力。如何应对多层次核间通信延迟变化问题,及引入设备交互导致的节点资源不对称问题是数模混合仿真任务划分与映射的新挑战。针对中国电力科学研究院自研电磁暂态仿真系统ADPSS,基于最小割划分设计了两阶段的电网划分与进程映射一体化优化算法,在计算负载均衡和最小化通信上取得更好的平衡,进一步降低了电磁暂态仿真的通信时间。同时,该算法有效解决了集群节点资源不对称情况下的任务优化映射问题。通过在西北和华东真实电网算例上的模拟测试,所提出算法较ADPSS默认划分与映射算法取得了平均40%和50%的通信性能提升,平均10%和12%的总体计算性能提升。
中图分类号: TP391
文献标识码: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.212436
中文引用格式: 李亿渊,穆清,薛巍. 基于最小割划分的数模混合仿真系统通信性能优化方法[J].电子技术应用,2022,48(1):2-11.
英文引用格式: Li Yiyuan,Mu Qing,Xue Wei. Communication optimization method of digital-analog hybrid simulation system based on min-cut partition[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(1):2-11.
Communication optimization method of digital-analog hybrid simulation system based on min-cut partition
Li Yiyuan1,Mu Qing2,Xue Wei1
1.Department of Computer Science and Technology,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China; 2.China Electric Power Research Institute,Beijing 100192,China
Abstract: Digital-analog hybrid simulation is essential for understanding the real power grid and supporting power grid security. Complex power network topology and hard real-time simulation put forward high requirements for computing performance. At present, digital-analog hybrid simulation mainly uses parallel computing technology to improve computing performance. With the development of processor and cluster technology, heterogeneous cluster systems have gradually become the primary construction method of high-performance computing systems. For the multi-level system architecture, the existing power grid division methods can not fully use the cluster computing power. Dealing with the high latency of cross-layer communication and the unequal number of available processor cores on each computing node due to heterogeneous acceleration equipment is the main challenge of the partitioning and mapping algorithm. Aiming at the electromagnetic transient simulation system ADPSS developed by China Electric Power Research Institute, this paper designs a two-stage integrated optimization algorithm of power grid division and process mapping, which achieves a better load balance and minimizing communication, and further reduces the calculation time of the electromagnetic transient simulation. The algorithm is based on the min-cut partition and effectively solves the optimal mapping of sub-networks of unequal sizes on heterogeneous cluster systems. The simulation test was realized on the real power grid in Northwest and East China, compared with the ADPSS default partition and mapping algorithm, the proposed algorithm achieves an average communication performance improvement of 40% and 50% and an average overall computing performance improvement of 10% and 12%.
Key words : digital-analog hybrid simulation;graph partition;min-cut;process mapping;heterogeneous cluster system

0 引言

    近年来我国经济不断发展,社会对能源的需求不断上升,电力的消耗也随之上升。我国电网的特高压工程持续投运以满足日益增长的用电负荷需求。电力系统整体规模的扩大也给整个系统的稳定和可靠运行带来了更高的安全风险。

    电力系统仿真是分析电网特征、分析电网稳定性最重要的量化手段。电力系统仿真分为稳态仿真和动态仿真两类。动态仿真更关注电力系统的动态变化行为,主要包括机电暂态和电磁暂态两种。电磁暂态仿真建模更加精细,是动态安全评估的重要工具。通过电磁暂态仿真,研究人员能更好地理解电网在实际运行中的工作状态及其变化,从而在运行中有效调整控制方案,确保电力系统的安全、稳定运行。

    电磁暂态是指电磁从一个稳定状态到另一个稳定状态中所经历的过程。在电力系统运行过程中,通常由于电子元件的开关切换、偶发的交直流故障以及雷击等干扰,造成电磁暂态过程的快速变化[1]。模拟电磁暂态现象一般通过电力系统的时域建模来完成。其目标是求出系统中各个时刻所有节点的电压值和电流值,核心算法是将连续的微分系统离散化,并使用迭代法隐式求解。仿真步长代表离散时间点间隔,步长越短就能模拟更高频的电网行为,故步长大小是衡量电磁暂态仿真系统质量的重要指标。




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作者信息:

李亿渊1,穆  清2,薛  巍1

(1.清华大学 计算机科学与技术系,北京100084;2.中国电力科学研究院,北京100192)




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