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智能计算芯片技术及产业趋势和对北京的建议
2022年电子技术应用第11期
朱 晶1,2
1.北京国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100055;2.北京半导体行业协会,北京100191
摘要: 智能计算芯片是处理海量数据,体现计算能力的硬件载体,是承载数字经济时代生产力的重要支撑。随着人工智能、5G、大数据、区块链等新一代信息技术的规模化应用,行业数字化转型和产业智能化升级对计算资源的需求呈现指数级增长。加上集成电路的发展进入后摩尔时代,现行计算架构(冯·诺依曼架构)缺陷所导致的瓶颈愈加凸显,发展受到严重挑战。而满足多样化计算需求的新型计算架构和计算范式、满足智能计算需求的先进封装技术、基于新材料新工艺的新型计算器件也进入到创新活跃的阶段,智能计算芯片迎来了快速发展的黄金时代。综合分析了数字经济时代智能计算芯片的战略重要性,梳理了国内外智能计算主要产业格局、新兴关键技术以及发展机遇,并对北京发展智能计算芯片的机遇与路径提出相关建议。
中图分类号: F062.9;F49
文献标识码: A
DOI:10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.222728
中文引用格式: 朱晶. 智能计算芯片技术及产业趋势和对北京的建议[J].电子技术应用,2022,48(11):33-40.
英文引用格式: Zhu Jing. Technologies and industry trends of intelligent computing chips and suggestions for Beijing[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2022,48(11):33-40.
Technologies and industry trends of intelligent computing chips and suggestions for Beijing
Zhu Jing1,2
1.Beijing International Engineering Consulting Company,Beijing 100055,China; 2.Beijing Semiconductor Industry Association,Beijing 100191,China
Abstract: Intelligent computing chips are hardware carriers that process massive amounts of data and reflect computing capabilities, and are an important support for productivity in the digital economy era. With the large-scale application of new-generation information technologies such as artificial intelligence, 5G, big data, and blockchain, the demand for computing resources in the digital transformation of the industry and the upgrading of industrial intelligence has increased exponentially. In addition, the development of integrated circuits has entered the post-Moore era, and the bottleneck caused by the defects of the current computing architecture(Von Neumann architecture) has become more and more prominent, and the development has been seriously challenged. The integrated computing architecture, new computing paradigms, and new computing devices based on new materials and new processes that meet diverse computing needs have also entered a stage of active innovation, and intelligent computing chips have ushered in a golden age of rapid development. This paper comprehensively analyzes the strategic importance of intelligent computing chips in the digital economy era, the development paths and trends of domestic and foreign technologies, and sorts out the main industrial patterns and development opportunities of intelligent computing at home and abroad.
Key words : integrated circuit;intelligent computing;computing architecture;key emerging technologies;digital economy

0 引言

    随着新一轮科技革命和产业变革的深入发展,算力作为数字经济时代新的生产力,已成为全球战略竞争新焦点。美国于2020年11月发布《引领未来先进计算生态系统战略计划》,计划构建覆盖政产学研的国家级算力体系,巩固本国算力优势。欧盟于2021年3月发布“2030数字指南针”计划,日本和澳大利亚等国也纷纷加大算力建设投入,新型算力基础设施已成为多国的重点关注方向[1]。我国也陆续出台了《全国一体化大数据中心协同创新体系算力枢纽实施方案》等多项政策,正加快启动“东数西算”工程,在京津冀、长三角、粤港澳大湾区、成渝、内蒙古、贵州、甘肃、宁夏8地启动建设国家算力枢纽节点,并规划了10个国家数据中心集群,加速构建以算力为核心的新型基础设施体系。由此可见,算力已成为全社会数智化转型的基石,将直接影响数字经济的发展速度,直接决定社会智能的发展高度,一个以算力为核心生产力的时代加速到来。而无论是人工智能算法的实现、海量数据的获取和存储还是计算能力的体现都离不开计算芯片。北京在计算芯片领域拥有强大的技术积累、丰富的场景资源以及创新的产业生态,因此,快速推动北京智能计算芯片的技术能级提升和产业集群化发展,对北京促进基于智能算力的社会数字化转型、布局前沿计算新技术赛道、推进多样化算力构筑产业健康生态具有重要意义。




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作者信息:

朱  晶1,2

(1.北京国际工程咨询有限公司,北京100055;2.北京半导体行业协会,北京100191)




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