基于180 nm CMOS工艺的555定时器设计与仿真验证
集成电路应用
王馨谊,张景阳,于贺
山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院
摘要: 针对传统双极型555定时器功耗高、电源范围窄等不足,该研究基于180 nm CMOS工艺,完成了555定时器的设计与仿真验证。核心比较器采用五管OTA结合PMOS输入对管技术,有效优化了输入共模范围;通过Cascode电流镜保障了3 V~15 V宽电压下的阈值精度 。利用仿真软件进行后仿真验证,芯片在 15 V 供电下功耗仅为3.05 mW,较传统方案降低90%以上。在典型及大多数工艺角条件下,频率温漂优于10%,仅在SS工艺角极端条件下出现小幅超标,整体实验结果满足便携式低功耗模拟芯片的应用需求。
中图分类号:TN432.3文献标识码:ADOI:10.19339/j.issn.1674-2583.2026.01.003
中文引用格式:王馨谊,张景阳,于贺. 基于180 nm CMOS工艺的555定时器设计与仿真验证[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(01):23-28.
英文引用格式:Wang Xin Yi,Zhang Jing Yang,Yu He. Design and simulation verification of 555 timer based on 180 nm cmos process[J].Application of IC,2026,43(01):23-28.
中文引用格式:王馨谊,张景阳,于贺. 基于180 nm CMOS工艺的555定时器设计与仿真验证[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(01):23-28.
英文引用格式:Wang Xin Yi,Zhang Jing Yang,Yu He. Design and simulation verification of 555 timer based on 180 nm cmos process[J].Application of IC,2026,43(01):23-28.
Design and simulation verification of 555 timer based on 180 nm cmos process
Wang Xinyi,Zhang Jingyang,Yu He
Shandong University of Technology
Abstract: To address the limitations of traditional bipolar 555 timers, such as high power consumption and a narrow supply voltage range, this paper presents the design and simulation verification of a 555 timer based on 180 nm CMOS process. The core comparators adopt a five-transistor operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) topology combined with a PMOS input differential pair, which effectively optimizes the input common-mode range and suppresses offset voltage. A Cascode current mirror, integrated with a resistive voltage-divider network, ensures threshold accuracy over a wide supply voltage range from 3 V to 15 V. Post-layout verification using simulation software shows that the chip consumes only 3.05 mW under a 15 V supply, representing a reduction of more than 90% compared to traditional implementations. Under typical and most process corner conditions, the frequency temperature drift is better than 10%. A slight exceedance occurs only under the extreme SS process corner, and the overall experimental result fulfills the application requirements for portable low-power analog chips.
Key words : 555 timer; CMOS integrated circuit; 180 nm process; low-power design
引言
555定时器因成本低、性能稳定且应用灵活,长期以来在电子系统中得到广泛应用。该器件可通过外接简单的阻容元件实现单稳态触发器、施密特触发器和多谐振荡器等典型电路结构,因此在脉冲产生、信号定时、波形变换与整形等领域被广泛采用,是数字电子技术中最常见的通用集成电路之一[1]。同时,由555定时器构成的电路,其暂稳态时间、振荡频率等关键参数可通过外接阻容元件进行灵活调节,从而满足仪器仪表、家用电器及自动控制系统等不同应用场景的需求[2]。
然而,传统双极型555定时器仍存在一定的性能局限。例如,在15 V供电条件下其静态功耗通常超过200 mW[3],不利于低功耗电子系统的应用需求。此外,在由其构成的不可重发单稳态触发器中,当输入负脉冲宽度大于暂稳态时间时,输出波形容易产生抖动,从而影响定时功能的稳定性[4]。
随着集成电路工艺的发展,降低功耗已成为模拟与混合信号电路设计中的重要考虑因素。CMOS工艺由于其低静态功耗及较好的集成特性,已被广泛应用于相关电路设计中[5]。在低功耗设计方面,从器件尺寸选择及偏置策略等角度对电路性能进行了分析,为电路级优化提供了参考[6-7]。本文基于180 nm CMOS工艺,对555定时器进行全定制集成电路设计,并通过仿真验证其性能,为低功耗模拟定时芯片设计提供参考。
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作者信息:
王馨谊,张景阳,于贺
(山东理工大学物理与光电工程学院,山东淄博255000)

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