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大数据时代算法审计构想
网络安全与数据治理 2期
付冉冉
(南京审计大学 法学院,江苏 南京211815)
摘要: 在现代语境里,算法是解决问题的自动化程序,在公共管理、司法裁判、金融系统、以及商业领域等都得到广泛应用。算法应用一方面提高了社会整体的运行效率,另一方面也因其复杂的技术性特征导致了社会管理的失序。当前,我国算法规制体系立法较为松散、监管主体不够明析,而审计作为一种独立而成熟的审查制度,在算法设计监督、算法数据保护以及算法决策法律问责中都大有可为,可解决算法监管体系松散、监管责任不明等问题。在审计监管模式下,可由专业人员制定审计计划,根据特定的审计标准进行风险评估和事实审查,给出审计结论,制作审计报告、进行审计公开,对相关人员实施问责以及开展后续审计质量追踪。由第三方审计、平台自我规制与行业自律相结合,算法监管可迎来新的突破。
中图分类号: F239
文献标识码: A
DOI: 10.19358/j.issn.2097-1788.2023.02.008
引用格式: 付冉冉. 大数据时代算法审计构想[J].网络安全与数据治理,2023,42(2):48-52.
The conception of algorithm audit in big data era
Fu Ranran
(School of Law,Nanjing Audit University,Nanjing 211815,China)
Abstract: In the modern context, algorithm is an automatic program to solve problems, which is widely used in public management, judicial adjudication, financial system, business and so on. On the one hand, the application of the algorithm improves the operation efficiency of the whole society;on the other hand, it also leads to the disorder of social management because of its complex technical characteristics. At present, the legislation of the algorithm regulation system in our country is relatively loose, and the supervision subject is not clear enough, and audit, as an independent and mature examination system, has great potential in the supervision of algorithm design, algorithm data protection and legal accountability of algorithm decision-making. It can solve the problems such as loose algorithm supervision system and unclear supervision responsibility. Under the audit supervision mode, professionals can formulate audit plans, conduct risk assessment and factual review according to specific audit standards, give audit conclusions, produce audit reports, conduct audit publicity, and implement accountability to relevant personnel and follow-up audit quality follow-up. By the combination of third-party audit, platform self-regulation and industry self-discipline, algorithm supervision can usher in a new breakthrough.
Key words : algorithm;algorithm risk;algorithm governance;algorithm audit

0 引言

在大数据时代,算法得到广泛应用,政府治理和社会运转均离不开算法的参与。当前chatGPT的开发使用使人工智能应用迎来了一波新的讨论,使很多问题通过智能化程序得到答案,其程度已远超人们的想象。人们在惊叹它巨大的工具价值之余,同时也会担忧它是否会代替人们工作而造成失业问题,以及人的创造能力是否会因此退化等问题。

因此,一方面算法的应用为社会治理提供效率价值,另一方面算法复杂的技术特性决定了算法在运行中存在着诸多社会风险。我们亟需构建一套完整而独立的算法规制制度,在算法应用领域、算法开发、算法设计与算法决策等环节进行审计审查,使算法使用合规合法,合乎科技伦理,合乎人类文明发展的长远利益。




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作者信息:

付冉冉

(南京审计大学 法学院,江苏 南京211815)


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