扫描电镜中扫描电路性能及对图像影响分析
电子技术应用
黄宇,王威威,康磊,巩小亮,陈龙
中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所
摘要: 扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)的图像质量高度依赖于扫描电路输出信号的精度与稳定性。而现有研究对扫描信号至图像质量的影响仍缺乏深入分析。基于此,首先建立了从扫描信号到图像质量的传递机制,分析了扫描信号性能指标对图像影响;然后,通过高精度数字万用表与示波器对实际扫描信号进行精准测量,并结合端点拟合法进行数据处理,从而量化了场扫描与行扫描信号在512×512像素模式下误差水平;进一步通过MATLAB仿真各类误差对标准网格图像的影响,并导入实测信号数据,评估其在实际成像中的表现。研究表明,扫描信号整体线性性能良好,中心区域平均误差为1.884像素,优于边缘区域的2.749像素。
中图分类号:TN16 文献标志码:A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.257241
中文引用格式: 黄宇,王威威,康磊,等. 扫描电镜中扫描电路性能及对图像影响分析[J]. 电子技术应用,2026,52(4):73-77.
英文引用格式: Huang Yu,Wang Weiwei,Kang Lei,et al. Analysis of the impact of scanning circuit performance on images in SEM[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2026,52(4):73-77.
中文引用格式: 黄宇,王威威,康磊,等. 扫描电镜中扫描电路性能及对图像影响分析[J]. 电子技术应用,2026,52(4):73-77.
英文引用格式: Huang Yu,Wang Weiwei,Kang Lei,et al. Analysis of the impact of scanning circuit performance on images in SEM[J]. Application of Electronic Technique,2026,52(4):73-77.
Analysis of the impact of scanning circuit performance on images in SEM
Huang Yu,Wang Weiwei,Kang Lei,Gong Xiaoliang,Chen Long
The 48th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation
Abstract: The image quality of the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) is highly dependent on the accuracy and stability of the output signals from its scanning circuitry. However, the impact of scanning signals on image quality remains insufficiently explored in existing research. To address this, a transmission mechanism from scanning signals to image quality was established, and the influence of scanning signal performance metrics on the image was analyzed. Using high-precision digital multimeters and oscilloscopes, actual scanning signals were accurately measured. Data processed via the endpoint fitting method enabled quantification of error levels in both field and line scanning signals under a 512×512 pixel mode. Furthermore, MATLAB was employed to simulate the impact of various errors on a standard grid image, and measured signal data were imported to evaluate their effect in practical imaging. The results indicate that the scanning signals exhibit good overall linear performance, with an average error of 1.884 pixels in the central region, superior to the 2.749 pixels observed in the peripheral region.
Key words : scanning electron microscope(SEM);scanning circuitry;linearity error;differential nonlinearity(DNL);integral nonlinearity (INL);image quality evaluation
引言
扫描电子显微镜(Scanning Electron Microscope, SEM)通过聚焦电子束扫描样品表面,探测二次电子、背散射电子等信号进行图像生成,能够以纳米级分辨率呈现样品的表面形貌与结构信息,已成为生命科学及纳米技术等领域不可或缺的重要仪器。
目前,高端SEM市场主要由日立、蔡司等国外公司主导,其设备在分辨率、稳定性和自动化程度等方面均领先于国内水平。相较之下,国内SEM技术虽然发展较快,但由于研发起步较晚,现有技术与国外先进水平存在一定差距,尤其是在扫描电路精度与成像等关键环节。扫描电路作为SEM中控制电子束精准定位的关键部分,其输出信号的性能直接影响图像的质量。其误差水平,如失调误差、增益误差、线性误差,会通过扫描放大器和偏转线圈传递至图像,造成图像产生像移、畸变或固定模式噪声。此外,关于SEM的研究主要集中在电子光学部分,对从扫描电路性能到图像质量的研究较少。
针对上述问题,本文深入研究扫描电路中扫描信号的性能测试方法及其对SEM图像质量的传递机制。以高精度测量与建模仿真相结合的方法,量化扫描信号的误差大小并评估其对图像影响程度,以期为国内高性能SEM扫描电路的设计与对图像的影响提供理论依据和技术支撑。
本文详细内容请下载:
https://www.chinaaet.com/resource/share/2000007041
作者信息:
黄宇,王威威,康磊,巩小亮,陈龙
(中国电子科技集团公司第四十八研究所,湖南 长沙 410111)

此内容为AET网站原创,未经授权禁止转载。
