应用于体外诊断仪器的多通道RFID读写系统设计-AET-电子技术应用

应用于体外诊断仪器的多通道RFID读写系统设计

电子技术应用

马文涛，李中举，侯剑平

安图实验仪器（郑州）有限公司

摘要： 为实现医疗体外诊断仪器流水线式样本检测数据的实时绑定和患者诊断信息的追踪处理，设计了一种应用于体外诊断免疫检测模块传输轨道及试剂盘检测的多通道RFID（Radio Frequency Identification）读写系统。该系统由5路射频天线多路转换接口及微控制单元（Micro Controller Unit， MCU）组成，上位机采用串口通信，支持射频标签数据读写、发射增益可调、密钥保护、声光报警及远程串口在线升级功能等。解决了金属轨道内部射频通信和传统每个射频天线都需要匹配一套读写控制系统导致检测系统冗余的问题，并能够满足试剂体外诊断模块内部传输轨道和试剂盘检测两种定距天线通信的要求。实验结果表明，在金属轨道内经天线优化后的阻抗匹配为50.718 Ω，驻波比为1.11，并通过程序调整射频芯片发射和接收功率数值，可使得含S50标签样本读取距离达26 mm，读取成功率为100%，可满足体外诊断线体数据读写的要求。

关键词： 体外诊断免疫系统检测模块 RFID 阻抗匹配驻波比

中图分类号：TP391 文献标志码：A DOI: 10.16157/j.issn.0258-7998.257135
中文引用格式： 马文涛，李中举，侯剑平. 应用于体外诊断仪器的多通道RFID读写系统设计*[J]. 电子技术应用，2026，52(5)：86-91.
英文引用格式： Ma Wentao，Li Zhongju，Hou Jianping. Design of multi-channel RFID reading and writing system applied to in vitro diagnostic instruments[J]. Application of Electronic Technique，2026，52(5)：86-91.

Design of multi-channel RFID reading and writing system applied to in vitro diagnostic instruments

Ma Wentao，Li Zhongju，Hou Jianping

Autobio Labtec Instruments Co.，Ltd.

Abstract： To realize real-time integration of sample detection data and traceability processing of patient diagnostic information in the in vitro diagnostic instrument assembly line, a multi-channel RFID read/write system was developed for the transmission track and reagent tray detection of the in vitro diagnostic immunoassay module. The system comprises a five-channel RF antenna multiplexing interface and an micro control unit. The host computer communicates via serial communication and supports functionalities such as RF tag data read/write operations, adjustable transmission gain, key protection, audio-visual alarm, and remote serial online firmware upgrades. This design effectively addresses the limitations of traditional systems, which suffer from redundant detection mechanisms due to the need for separate read/write control units for each RF antenna and the challenges of RF communication within metal tracks. Furthermore, the system meets the communication requirements of two types of fixed-distance antennas used for internal transmission track and reagent tray detection in the in vitro diagnostic module. Experimental results indicate that after antenna optimization within the metal track, the impedance matching reaches 50.718 Ω, with a standing wave ratio of 1.11. By adjusting the transmit and receive power settings of the RF chip through software, the read distance for samples equipped with S50 tags reaches 26 mm, achieving a 100% read success rate, thereby satisfying the data read/write requirements of the in vitro diagnostic production line.

Key words : in vitro diagnostic（IVD）；immune system detection module；RFID；impedance matching；standing wave ratio

引言

随着精准医疗和大数据分析的发展，医疗样本检测量及单患者样本检测频次逐年增加[1]，使得流水线智能化检测需求日益加大。免疫系统流水线智能检测线体可配组进样模块、开盖模块、离心模块、出样模块以及多个生化、免疫分析模块进行多项目多种类流水线式患者样本检测，工作流程如图1所示。在多样本体外诊断仪器检测样本时，患者血液样本或其他体液需要进行一管多用及重复检测标定[2-3]并实时了解检验结果。所以，患者检测信息在检测仪器中的位置流向及信息绑定追踪[4]，成为免疫体外诊断不可缺少的一环，而无接触的信息通信技术更为医疗样本安全检测提供了保护和交互通路[5-6]。

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