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自动化核酸提取仪系统设计
集成电路应用
官方勇1,李娟2,杨文龙2,李杰1
1.成都瀚辰光翼生物工程有限公司; 2.四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心、四川养麝研究所)
摘要: 该研究介绍了一种基于硅胶柱法的自动化核酸提取仪系统设计。该系统采用模块化架构,包括八通道移液控制系统、二轴运动控制系统、负压控制系统、台面框架及软件系统。通过步进电机驱动移液泵实现移液的精确控制,通过比例阀与压力传感器协同工作,精确控制负压大小,结合嵌入式软件完成提取流程的自动化运行与状态监控。该系统电气安全、电磁兼容均符合国家及行业标准要求。移液准确度误差在±1%以内,精密度变异系数(CV)小于1%,核酸提取CV小于3%,重复性和一致性良好。该系统单次最多可提取96个样本,单次运行时间约70分钟,提取效果优、通量高,可实现核酸提取的自动化操作,适用于临床检验及科研领域的高通量核酸提取实验。
中图分类号:TP23文献标识码:ADOI:10.19339/j.issn.1674-2583.2026.01.009
中文引用格式:官方勇,李娟,杨文龙,等. 自动化核酸提取仪系统设计[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(01):61-66.
英文引用格式:Guan Fangyong,Li Juan,Yang Wenlong,et al. System design of automated nucleic acid extraction instrument[J].Application of IC,2026,43(01):61-66.
System design of automated nucleic acid extraction instrument
Guan Fangyong1,Li Juan2,Yang Wenlong2,Li Jie1
1. HC Scientific Bio(Chengdu) L.L.C.; 2. Sichuan Institute for Drug Control (Sichuan Testing Center of Medical Devices, Sichuan Institute for Breeding Musk Deer)
Abstract: This paper introduces the design of an automated nucleic acid extraction system based on the silica gel column method. The system adopts a modular architecture, comprising an eight-channel pipetting control system, a two-axis motion control system, a negative pressure control system, a deck frame and a software system. Precise pipetting control is achieved by driving the pipetting pump with a stepper motor. The negative pressure is accurately regulated through the coordinated operation of a proportional valve and a pressure sensor. The automated extraction process is executed and monitored using embedded software. The system complies with relevant national and industrial standards in terms of electrical safety and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). The pipetting accuracy error is within ±1%, and the precision coefficient of variation (CV) is less than 1%. For nucleic acid extraction, the CV is less than 3%, demonstrating good repeatability and consistency. The system can process up to 96 samples per run, with a single run time of approximately 70 minutes, exhibiting excellent extraction performance and high throughput, and enabling automated nucleic acid extraction. It is suitable for high-throughput nucleic acid extraction applications in clinical testing and scientific research.
Key words : nucleic acid extraction; silica column method; mechanical arm; pipetting control; vacuum pressure control

引言

核酸提取是下游核酸检测、研究的基础。随着分子生物学和遗传学的发展,核酸提取越来越普遍。自动化核酸提取系统相较传统的手工提取通量更高,工作时间少、人力成本及要求低、操作者的安全性以及结果的可重复性和再现性[1]提高。因此随着技术的发展,采用自动化系统提取核酸也越来越普遍。

目前市场上以磁珠法的核酸提取仪为主。然而不同方法学的提取仪各有特点,在不同应用领域有其独特的优势[2-8]。硅胶柱法的提取仪让核酸完整性更好、核酸产物纯度高,无磁珠残留风险,能适配大样本量,在长片段PCR、测序(尤其是第三代测库)、克隆和转基因、液体活检[9]等领域有其独特优势。

鉴于此,本研究设计了一款硅胶柱法的自动化核酸提取仪。该系统可灵活配置多种实验流程,单次最多可实现96个样本的提取,操作简单易用。


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作者信息:

官方勇1,李娟2,杨文龙2,李杰1

(1.成都瀚辰光翼生物工程有限公司,四川成都610219; 

2.四川省药品检验研究院(四川省医疗器械检测中心、四川养麝研究所),四川成都611731)

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