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AED高压放电功率器件选型方法及其工程应用
集成电路应用
王秋颖
湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境工程学院
摘要: 自动体外除颤器高压放电功率器件选型需要在多个目标之间寻找平衡。该研究将约束理论(TOC)与层次分析法(AHP)结合起来,构建了一套适用于医疗设备的选型决策方法。运用TOC识别放电系统的核心约束,依据医疗设备可靠性要求确定耐压≥2 125 V、脉冲电流≥85 A作为选型底线;建立包含电气性能、热性能、物理约束、经济约束四个维度的评价指标体系;通过AHP计算各指标权重,对六款候选器件进行综合评分。针对不同应用场景,提出了单管方案、串联方案、模块方案等多种选型建议,并形成可复用的标准化选型流程。研究显示,IXYS公司的IXGH25 N250 IGBT综合得分最高,在候选器件中表现最优。
中图分类号:TN386;TH772文献标识码:ADOI:10.19339/j.issn.1674-2583.2026.03.006
中文引用格式:王秋颖. AED高压放电功率器件选型方法及其工程应用[J].集成电路应用,2026,43(3):27-32.
英文引用格式:Wang Qiuying. Research on highvoltage discharge power device selection method for AED and its engineering application[J].Application of IC,2026,43(3):27-32.
Research on high-voltage discharge power device selection method for AED and its engineering application
Wang Qiuying
School of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Environment, Hubei University of Technology; Primedic[Jiangsu]Medical Technology Co.,Ltd.
Abstract: The selection of high-voltage discharge power devices for automated external defibrillators requires finding a balance among multiple objectives. In this paper, the Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) are combined to construct a selection decision-making method suitable for medical equipment. TOC is used to identify the core constraints of the discharge system. According to the reliability requirements of medical equipment, which is withstanding voltage ≥2 125 V and pulse current ≥85 A, the bottom line is determined for selection. An evaluation index system including four dimensions of electrical performance, thermal performance, physical constraints and economic constraints is established.The weights of each index are calculated by AHP, and the comprehensive scores of the six candidate devices are obtained. According to different application scenarios, various selection suggestions are proposed, including single-device scheme, series scheme and module scheme, and a reusable standardized selection process is formed.The research shows that IXGH25 N250 IGBT from IXYS company achieves the highest comprehensive score and performs best among all candidates.
Key words : automated external defibrillator; high-voltage discharge; power device selection; pulse current; Theory of Constraints; Analytic Hierarchy Process

引言

自动体外除颤器(Automated External Defibrillator, AED)是一种用于心源性猝死急救的便携式医疗设备,能够自动分析心律并在必要时施加电击除颤。统计显示,我国每年心源性猝死人数超过54万,AED普及率每提高10%,院外心脏骤停患者存活率可提高约5%[1]。目前国内公共场所AED配置数量与发达国家相比仍有差距,每10万人拥有量不足1台。提升设备可靠性的同时控制成本,是行业面临的重要课题。

放电系统是AED的关键模块,其性能直接关系除颤效果。H桥电路由4颗功率器件构成,用于生成双相截断指数波。功率器件选型直接决定波形质量、能量效率、系统可靠性、物料成本和整机体积[2],约占放电系统物料成本的30%~50%。

功率器件选型需满足多项要求:耐压、脉冲电流、导通电阻尽可能低、开关速度足够快、封装适应便携需求、热阻足够小、成本可控。这些指标相互制约,低导通电阻往往伴随大封装和高成本,高耐压通常导致导通电阻增大[2-3]。

工程实践中有两种选型倾向。一种依赖工程师个人经验,可能错失更优方案。另一种过度追求单项指标最优,导致整机体积超标或物料成本失控。这两种方式都缺乏系统性,容易造成过度设计或性能不足。随着医疗设备智能化趋势的深入,元器件选型方法也需与系统级设计协同优化,相关研究在集成电路应用领域已受到广泛关注[4,5]。

本文将约束理论和层次分析法引入功率器件选型,通过系统化方法在多重约束下寻求最优解。


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作者信息:

王秋颖

(湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境工程学院,湖北武汉430068;

普美康(江苏)医疗科技有限公司,江苏丹阳212300)

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